How to do kidney dialysis
Kidney dialysis, or hemodialysis, is an important life-sustaining treatment for patients with renal failure. In recent years, as the incidence of chronic kidney disease has increased, topics related to kidney dialysis have attracted much attention. This article will combine the hot content of the entire Internet in the past 10 days to conduct a structured analysis from the principles, indications, operating procedures and precautions of kidney dialysis.
1. Basic principles of kidney dialysis
Hemodialysis replaces kidney function through an artificial semipermeable membrane to remove metabolic waste and excess water from the blood. The following is a comparison of kidney dialysis technologies mentioned in popular discussions in the past 10 days:
| Type | Principle | Applicable people |
|---|---|---|
| Hemodialysis (HD) | Extracorporeal circulation purifies blood | Patients with acute and chronic renal failure |
| Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) | Use the peritoneum as a filter membrane | Those in need of home treatment |
2. Indications and contraindications of kidney dialysis
Based on recent hot discussions on medical forums:
| Indications | Contraindications |
|---|---|
| Creatinine clearance <15ml/min | severe hypotension |
| Obvious symptoms of uremia | active bleeding |
| Hyperkalemia (>6.5mmol/L) | Severe cardiac insufficiency |
3. Kidney dialysis procedure (recently shared high-frequency keywords by patients)
1.vascular access establishment: Arteriovenous fistula (average life span 3-5 years) or temporary catheter
2.Dialysis parameter settings: Blood flow 200-300ml/min, dialysate flow 500ml/min
3.Treatment duration: 3 times a week, 4 hours each time (recent studies show that night dialysis is more effective)
4. Precautions after kidney dialysis (top 3 discussions by patients in the past 10 days)
| Things to note | scientific basis |
|---|---|
| Control water intake | Daily weight gain <1kg |
| High quality protein diet | 1.2g/kg/d |
| Regularly monitor indicators | Monthly blood potassium/calcium/phosphorus check |
5. Latest hot technologies (from recent medical journals)
1.Wearable artificial kidney: New equipment being approved by the U.S. FDA to enable mobile dialysis
2.gene therapy: Repairing kidney cells through CRISPR technology (still in the experimental stage)
3.3D printed blood vessels: Solve the vascular access problem of long-term dialysis patients
6. Survival data of kidney dialysis patients (latest statistics in 2024)
| years of dialysis | survival rate | Main causes of death |
|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 85% | cardiovascular events |
| 5 years | 45% | Infectious complications |
| 10 years | 28% | multiple organ failure |
Summary:Kidney dialysis is the lifeline for patients with end-stage renal disease. With technological advancement, patients’ quality of life and life expectancy are gradually improving. Recent research hotspots focus on personalized dialysis programs and new treatment technologies. Patients are recommended to review regularly and maintain communication with their attending doctors.
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